Many recent European and global labour market studies concluded: automation and AI will eliminate some jobs, but they will also create many new ones. For example, the World Economic Forum estimates that around 170 million new jobs could be created by 2030 while about 92 million disappear, resulting in a net increase of roughly 78 million jobs globally.

However, the key point is this: the new jobs are very different from the old ones. Most of them appear in five broad areas.

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1. AI, Data, and Technology Jobs

These are the most obvious new roles created by AI and digitalization.

Examples

• AI / machine-learning engineers
• Data scientists and big-data specialists
• AI trainers (people who teach AI systems how to respond)
• Prompt engineers
• Robotics engineers
• Cloud infrastructure engineers
• Cybersecurity specialists

Reports consistently show that AI and machine-learning specialists, big-data analysts, and fintech engineers are among the fastest-growing professions.

Why these jobs exist:
Someone must design, train, maintain, audit, and secure the AI systems that replace routine work.

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2. AI Oversight, Ethics, and Governance

As AI becomes more powerful, organizations need people to monitor and control it.

Examples

• AI ethics officers
• Algorithm auditors
• AI risk managers
• Responsible AI compliance specialists
• Data privacy officers

These roles exist because governments and companies must ensure that AI systems do not discriminate, break regulations, or make unsafe decisions.

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3. Human-AI Collaboration Roles

Many jobs won’t disappear—they will change.

Instead of doing the work themselves, people will manage AI systems that do the work.

Examples

• AI workflow supervisors
• Automation process designers
• AI operations managers
• Digital twin operators (virtual factory or supply chain simulation managers)
• Human-machine interaction specialists

Think of it like a pilot with autopilot: the human supervises and intervenes.

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4. Green Economy and Energy Transition Jobs

Another major area of job creation is the climate and energy transition.

Examples

• Renewable energy engineers
• Battery technology specialists
• Carbon accounting experts
• Sustainability analysts
• Circular economy supply chain managers
• Climate risk analysts

Many governments expect millions of jobs here because energy systems and supply chains must be redesigned.

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5. High-Human-Skill Jobs

Ironically, the more technology advances, the more valuable uniquely human skills become.

These include roles requiring:

• empathy
• judgment
• creativity
• leadership

Examples

• therapists and mental-health professionals
• healthcare specialists
• teachers and learning designers
• creative professionals (design, storytelling, content)
• strategic advisors

Jobs that require creativity, critical thinking, and emotional intelligence are hardest to automate.

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6. Entirely New Industries

Historically, technology creates industries that didn’t exist before.

Examples already emerging:

• autonomous vehicle fleet managers
• drone traffic controllers
• digital identity managers
• metaverse architects
• bioinformatics and genetic data specialists

These jobs simply did not exist 10–15 years ago.

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The Important Pattern

Most disappearing jobs share three characteristics:

• repetitive
• rule-based
• predictable

Examples:

• data entry
• administrative processing
• basic accounting
• simple customer support

The new jobs tend to be the opposite:

• analytical
• supervisory
• creative
• interdisciplinary

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One Interesting Observation

Many economists believe the biggest growth won’t be in pure tech jobs.

It will be in traditional industries enhanced by technology, such as:

• AI-assisted doctors
• AI-supported lawyers
• AI-enhanced logistics planners
• AI-supported engineers

In other words:
AI will create “augmented professionals,” not just programmers.